June 28 – Constitution Day: Honoring the Birth of America’s Governing Document

June 28 is a landmark date in American history—the day the United States Constitution, our nation’s foundational governing document, officially took effect. For over 230 years, the Constitution has provided the backbone of the U.S. government, shaping the nation’s laws and principles. As we celebrate Constitution Day, it is important to reflect on its history, the challenges faced during its creation, and the enduring significance of this pivotal moment.

The Constitutional Convention: Drafting a New Framework

On May 25, 1787, fifty-five delegates from twelve of the thirteen original states gathered in Philadelphia to address the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation and to draft a new constitution. This gathering, known as the Constitutional Convention, was marked by spirited debates, thoughtful compromises, and careful deliberation.

The delegates confronted numerous challenges, including disagreements over congressional representation, the balance of power between large and small states, and the safeguarding of individual rights. Despite these obstacles, they worked together to create a document that established a government strong enough to govern effectively while protecting the liberties of its citizens.

Signing and Ratification: From Draft to Law

After months of debate, the final version of the Constitution was completed and signed on September 17, 1787. However, the journey was far from over. For the Constitution to become the law of the land, it required ratification by at least nine states.

This ratification process involved further debate and public campaigning. On June 28, 1788, the ninth state ratified the Constitution, officially enacting it as the supreme law of the United States. This historic milestone is why June 28 is celebrated each year as Constitution Day, commemorating the moment the Constitution became the foundation of American governance.

The Structure and Content of the Constitution

The United States Constitution consists of seven articles and 27 amendments. Together, these elements establish the framework of the federal government, define its powers, and guarantee rights and freedoms to American citizens.

• Articles I–III: Establish the three branches of government—Legislative, Executive, and Judicial—and detail their powers and responsibilities.
• Articles IV